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eyetwist via Curbed LA Flickr pool

The weird roadside architecture of Los Angeles

From Idle Hour to The Tamale, these buildings will make you do a double take

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Nothing transformed or defined 20th-century Southern California more than the automobile, and nowhere was this more apparent than the San Fernando Valley. The Valley’s explosion of development was aided and abetted by the mass production of affordable cars that allowed middle-class Angelenos to work in the busy city and live in the spacious suburbs.

With residents spending more and more time in their cars, a new kind of exuberant, literal design known as mimetic and programmatic architecture flourished on LA’s busy streets from the 1920s to 1940s.

These eye-catching, kitschy buildings were often large-scale versions of the wares or services offered within—built advertisements aimed at passing motorists. Sometimes they were just silly animals or concepts designed to attract the curious consumer.

The style’s glory days have long passed, but LA has retained some of these whimsical buildings. To celebrate this weird architecture, we’ve mapped the area’s best examples, past and present.

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Eater maps are curated by editors and aim to reflect a diversity of neighborhoods, cuisines, and prices. Learn more about our editorial process.

Tail o’ the Pup

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Opened in 1946, this hotdog-shaped hotdog stand stood at 311 North La Cienega Boulevard until the 1980s, when it was moved to 329 North San Vicente Boulevard. It stayed open until the mid-2000s, when it was closed and put in storage. In June 2017, its longtime owners, Jay and Nicole Miller, donated the iconic stand to Tommy Gelinas of the Valley Relics Museum in Chatsworth. It will soon be on display at the eclectic museum, which already showcases many examples of California’s midcentury roadside kitsch.

Los Angeles Public Library photo collection

Fleetwood Center

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This Tarzana strip mall was designed by architect Lee Oakes of the firm Matlin and Dvoretzky. Completed in 1987, its stucco façade is inspired by the fenders, grille, headlights, and tires of a 1970s Cadillac. “Very rarely do I have creative impulses like this,” Oakes told the Los Angeles Times in 1987. I was just walking around and saw this Cadillac grille. It just clicked.”

Originally painted bright Barbie pink, it is fitting that it sits on Ventura Boulevard, that never-ending super-suburban road which Valley motorists travel every day. "Ventura Boulevard is about as American as you can get, and what's more American than a big luxury car, a Cadillac?” Oakes once said. “It's symbolic architecture, but abstract." Today, the center is painted a dull white and is home to several small businesses.

The Chili Bowl

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The first Chili Bowl opened in 1931 on Crenshaw Boulevard. It would eventually expand to a chain of 23 restaurants, all built in the distinctive circular shape of a bowl of chili. According to founder Art Whizin, the idea came to him when he was talking with a friend at a burger counter about his theoretical restaurant’s design. His friend simply pushed his chili bowl over to him and said, "Here, Whizin, do something with this." Inspired, Whizin claimed he drew the design on his corduroy overalls, and the rest was history.

Chili Bowls soon sprang up all over Southern California. Whizin even claimed that the Long Beach Chili Bowl was spared in the devastating 1933 earthquake because of its unique design. "It's because of the circular shape," he told the Los Angeles Times. "It gave evenly in all directions. The place was full and all 26 customers ran outside. After a couple of minutes, they peered inside the window, saw everything was OK and came back and finished their chili."

Whizin eventually closed the Chili Bowls after World War II. Four of the distinctive buildings exist today, including one on San Fernando Road in Glendale, which is now owned by the Valley Dealer Exchange.  

The first Chili Bowl on Crenshaw Boulevard in 1937.
Los Angeles Public Library photo collection

Idle Hour/Bulldog Cafe

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Restored in 2015, this famous Valley landmark, LA’s last remaining barrel building, was built by Silver Lake engineer George F. Fordyk in 1941. It was commissioned by a Universal Studio tech named Michael D. Connolly. After the barrel was completed, Connolly and his wife Irene opened the Idle Hour taproom and café on the ground floor and lived in an apartment on the top. After their divorce, Irene took over both the apartment and the café.

In 1971, she sold the building to Jose and Dolores Fernandez. The couple opened a Flamenco café called La Caña in the barrel. La Caña closed in 1983, but Dolores continued to live in the barrel’s apartment. After standing empty for years, the barrel was bought by the trendy 1933 Group in 2011, restored and reopened as the Idle Hour. On the back patio, there is another programmatic curio: a replica of the bulldog shaped 1920s-era Bulldog Café, which once stood on 1153 West Washington Boulevard.

North Hollywood’s Idle Hour, built in 1941 and renovated in 2015 to its former glory.
North Hollywood’s Idle Hour, built in 1941 and renovated in 2015 to its former glory.
Mike Hume via Curbed LA Flickr pool

The Mother Goose Pantry

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There was once an old lady who lived in a shoe … she had so many children she didn’t know what to do … so she opened a restaurant in her house in Pasadena in 1929. Sadly, the restaurant did not last (maybe it was the funny smell), the old woman moved out, and the shoe was demolished.

 



Mother Goose Pantry in 1928.
Los Angeles Public Library photo collection

The Wigwam Motel

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This iconic mimetic hotel—now on the National Register of Historic Places—was once a major tourist destination on the famed Route 66. Opened in 1949, it was built by the founder of the Wigwam Motel Chain, Frank Redford. It is said that Redford was “heavily influenced by native Indian culture.” Today, guests can still stay in their own “wigwam,” swim in the communal pool, and enjoy a kitschy—if culturally problematic—overnight stay.

A motel with multiple tents called the Wigwam Motel.
Wigwam Motel
Courtesy of Heather David

The Jail Cafe

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Advertised as the “most unique restaurant in America,” the café also proclaimed itself to be “where whoopee is made in L.A.” It was opened by H.N. Denny in 1925. This happy-go-lucky advertising was in stark contrast to the nightspot’s theme, which was convict chic. The stone building was dressed up to look like an old jail, the waiters were costumed as convicts, and patrons ate in barred cells. So realistic was the setting, according to a 1926 story in Variety, that:

When two bandits walked in and ordered everybody to throw their hands up, folks thought it was part of the evening's entertainment. However, they changed their minds when one of the bandits started going through their clothes and taking anything that looked valuable.

The building is now home to the venerable Silver Lake institution El Cid.

The Jail Cafe in 1927.
Los Angeles Public Library photo collection

The Flower Pot

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Built in 1930, this charming building in the heart of Hollywood housed a florist shop. According to author and historian Jim Heimann, after the shop closed, a family "having moved to Hollywood during the Depression, found the Hollywood Flower Pot converted to a one-room residence." They “promptly moved in.” However, their stay didn’t last long, and the building was eventually destroyed.

The Flower Pot in 1920.
Los Angeles Public Library photo collection

Sphinx Realty

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Harkening back to the prime real estate of the ancient world, as well as the 1920s’ craze for all things “exotic,” this Sphinx shaped realty office once stood opposite Fairfax High School.

Sphinx Realty Company in 1920.
Los Angeles Public Library photo collection

The Darkroom

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Located on the slick portion of Wilshire Boulevard known as the Miracle Mile, this Los Angeles Historic-Cultural Monument was designed by Edward J. Borgmeyer and Marcus P. Miller.

Opened in 1926 and re-imagined during the ’30s, its black vitrolite façade, featuring a large Argus camera, advertised that “The Darkroom” was a camera shop. According to the Los Angeles Conservancy, “some claim that during the building's heyday, the tenant would project short films through the camera lens/window for pedestrians to watch.” Today, the site is home to the Spare Tire Kitchen and Tavern

The Darkroom in 1981.
Los Angeles Public Library photo collection

The Brown Derby

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This legendary Hollywood hangout is perhaps the most famous example of SoCal programmatic architecture. Built in 1926 in the shape of—what else—a brown derby, this whimsical restaurant was the first of a chain of several owned by Herbert Somborn and Bob Cobb (of Cobb Salad fame). A sign in front of the building beckoned to passing motorists: “Eat in the Hat.” Once inside, patrons of the Brown Derby ate classic “French-inspired” Americanized midcentury food, with a heavy side of entertainment industry drama.

After the chain’s demise, valiant community efforts to save the iconic Wilshire Boulevard location (the only one shaped like a hat) were partially successful. While the brim was removed, the crown of the derby hat can still be seen peeking out on the third floor of the Brown Derby Plaza, a Koreatown shopping center built around it in 1980. The Brown Derby trademark is now owned by the Disney Corporation, and facsimiles of the famed hat are located in several Disney Parks.  

The legendary Brown Derby.
Los Angeles Public Library photo collection

California Piano Supply Company

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This piano showroom was built in the early 1930s.  It was later renamed The Big Red Piano. In an attempt to preserve the building, it was moved in the 1960s. Sadly, it was destroyed in the process. 

California Piano Supply Company, built in the 1930s.
Los Angeles Public Library photo collection

The Donut Hole

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Built in 1968, this mimetic masterpiece was designed to resemble two large chocolate doughnuts. The fiberglass doughnuts are 26-feet in diameter, and hungry visitors drive through their hollow centers to be served in classic drive-in fashion. Once part of a small chain, the restaurant's famous design is credited to architects John Tindall, Ed McCreany, and Jesse Hood.

Over the years, the lone remaining Donut Hole has become quite the celebrity, appearing in movies such as Dragnet and drawing tourists from all-across the globe. Basic, delicious doughnuts are still the main item on the menu and are less than a dollar a piece. Talk about nostalgia!  

The Donut Hole, still standing and open for business today.
eyetwist via Curbed LA Flickr pool

The Tamale

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The Tamale opened in 1928. Shaped in the form of a wrapped Mexican tamal, it served “Spanish delights,” including “hot tamale pies,” along with standard American fare, including hamburgers and malts. It has changed hands (and colors) many times over the decades. It is now painted white and most recently housed a beauty parlor.

The Tamale in East Los Angeles.
Los Angeles Public Library photo collection

The Dugout

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One of the strangest examples of mimetic architecture, this long-gone, PTSD-inducing food stand was built in the 1920s. Los Angeles Times columnist Jack Smith remembered it was “fortified with sandbags like a dugout in World War I, and the most dramatic thing about it was that an airplane had crashed, nose in, tail up, on its roof, and was always there.”

The Dugout in 1920.
http://photos.lapl.org/carlweb/jsp/FullRecord?databaseID=968&record=16&controlNumber=46288

The Binoculars Building

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Originally known as the Chiat/Day Building, this landmark 100,000 square-foot Venice complex (constructed between 1991 and 2001) was designed by the legendary Frank Gehry. Its iconic binocular sculpture, which is the functional entrance to the parking garage, was designed by Claes Oldenburg and Coosje van Bruggen. The binoculars also contain two small meeting rooms, for which the eye pieces serve as skylights. Since 2011, Google has occupied the complex, which is the hub of its LA-based operations.

A post shared by !TEM !DEM (@item_idem) on

The Ship Cafe

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This glamorous, long-vanished Hollywood hotspot was built on the old Venice Pier in 1903. Constructed to look like a sailing ship, its design was based on Spanish galleons piloted by the likes of California explorer Juan Cabrillo. Though it looked seaworthy, it did not actually touch the water.

The Ship was destroyed in the great pier fire of 1920, only to be quickly rebuilt on an even larger scale. According to Los Angeles Times columnist Steve Harvey, “its clientele ranged from celebrities such as Jack Dempsey and Sarah Bernhardt to mobsters such as Albert Marco, who shot two men during a party there and had to take his meals in San Quentin for a while.” It was torn down in 1946, along with the rest of pier.

The Ship Cafe in 1946.
Los Angeles Public Library photo collection

Coffee Pot Cafe/Koffee Pot Cafe/Hot Cha Cafe

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This 1932 Long Beach city landmark, originally a coffee shop, was built in the shape of a coffee percolator. It remained a coffee shop until the 1960s. Over the subsequent decades, it has been a weed dispensary, barber shop, and as of 2014, “substandard and a public nuisance.” It was renovated in 2015 and is currently listed by the real estate firm Marcus & Millichap, as part of a multi-use, $2 million offering which includes three residential buildings, and the Coffee Pot building, which is zoned as commercial.

According to its listing: “The current owner has renovated and upgraded the residential buildings as well as the Coffee Pot Cafe's exterior under the watchful supervision of the city of Long Beach and its Cultural Heritage Commission. The owner anticipates leasing the cafe to a permanent operator willing to bring back the cafe's historic significance. The cafe will also enjoy an outdoor patio seating environment surrounding the residential buildings and creating an urban piazza setting.”

The landmark Coffee Pot Cafe, as it appears today.
Via Google Maps

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Tail o’ the Pup

Opened in 1946, this hotdog-shaped hotdog stand stood at 311 North La Cienega Boulevard until the 1980s, when it was moved to 329 North San Vicente Boulevard. It stayed open until the mid-2000s, when it was closed and put in storage. In June 2017, its longtime owners, Jay and Nicole Miller, donated the iconic stand to Tommy Gelinas of the Valley Relics Museum in Chatsworth. It will soon be on display at the eclectic museum, which already showcases many examples of California’s midcentury roadside kitsch.

Los Angeles Public Library photo collection

Fleetwood Center

This Tarzana strip mall was designed by architect Lee Oakes of the firm Matlin and Dvoretzky. Completed in 1987, its stucco façade is inspired by the fenders, grille, headlights, and tires of a 1970s Cadillac. “Very rarely do I have creative impulses like this,” Oakes told the Los Angeles Times in 1987. I was just walking around and saw this Cadillac grille. It just clicked.”

Originally painted bright Barbie pink, it is fitting that it sits on Ventura Boulevard, that never-ending super-suburban road which Valley motorists travel every day. "Ventura Boulevard is about as American as you can get, and what's more American than a big luxury car, a Cadillac?” Oakes once said. “It's symbolic architecture, but abstract." Today, the center is painted a dull white and is home to several small businesses.

The Chili Bowl

The first Chili Bowl opened in 1931 on Crenshaw Boulevard. It would eventually expand to a chain of 23 restaurants, all built in the distinctive circular shape of a bowl of chili. According to founder Art Whizin, the idea came to him when he was talking with a friend at a burger counter about his theoretical restaurant’s design. His friend simply pushed his chili bowl over to him and said, "Here, Whizin, do something with this." Inspired, Whizin claimed he drew the design on his corduroy overalls, and the rest was history.

Chili Bowls soon sprang up all over Southern California. Whizin even claimed that the Long Beach Chili Bowl was spared in the devastating 1933 earthquake because of its unique design. "It's because of the circular shape," he told the Los Angeles Times. "It gave evenly in all directions. The place was full and all 26 customers ran outside. After a couple of minutes, they peered inside the window, saw everything was OK and came back and finished their chili."

Whizin eventually closed the Chili Bowls after World War II. Four of the distinctive buildings exist today, including one on San Fernando Road in Glendale, which is now owned by the Valley Dealer Exchange.  

The first Chili Bowl on Crenshaw Boulevard in 1937.
Los Angeles Public Library photo collection

Idle Hour/Bulldog Cafe

Restored in 2015, this famous Valley landmark, LA’s last remaining barrel building, was built by Silver Lake engineer George F. Fordyk in 1941. It was commissioned by a Universal Studio tech named Michael D. Connolly. After the barrel was completed, Connolly and his wife Irene opened the Idle Hour taproom and café on the ground floor and lived in an apartment on the top. After their divorce, Irene took over both the apartment and the café.

In 1971, she sold the building to Jose and Dolores Fernandez. The couple opened a Flamenco café called La Caña in the barrel. La Caña closed in 1983, but Dolores continued to live in the barrel’s apartment. After standing empty for years, the barrel was bought by the trendy 1933 Group in 2011, restored and reopened as the Idle Hour. On the back patio, there is another programmatic curio: a replica of the bulldog shaped 1920s-era Bulldog Café, which once stood on 1153 West Washington Boulevard.

North Hollywood’s Idle Hour, built in 1941 and renovated in 2015 to its former glory.
North Hollywood’s Idle Hour, built in 1941 and renovated in 2015 to its former glory.
Mike Hume via Curbed LA Flickr pool

The Mother Goose Pantry

There was once an old lady who lived in a shoe … she had so many children she didn’t know what to do … so she opened a restaurant in her house in Pasadena in 1929. Sadly, the restaurant did not last (maybe it was the funny smell), the old woman moved out, and the shoe was demolished.

 



Mother Goose Pantry in 1928.
Los Angeles Public Library photo collection

The Wigwam Motel

This iconic mimetic hotel—now on the National Register of Historic Places—was once a major tourist destination on the famed Route 66. Opened in 1949, it was built by the founder of the Wigwam Motel Chain, Frank Redford. It is said that Redford was “heavily influenced by native Indian culture.” Today, guests can still stay in their own “wigwam,” swim in the communal pool, and enjoy a kitschy—if culturally problematic—overnight stay.

A motel with multiple tents called the Wigwam Motel.
Wigwam Motel
Courtesy of Heather David

The Jail Cafe

Advertised as the “most unique restaurant in America,” the café also proclaimed itself to be “where whoopee is made in L.A.” It was opened by H.N. Denny in 1925. This happy-go-lucky advertising was in stark contrast to the nightspot’s theme, which was convict chic. The stone building was dressed up to look like an old jail, the waiters were costumed as convicts, and patrons ate in barred cells. So realistic was the setting, according to a 1926 story in Variety, that:

When two bandits walked in and ordered everybody to throw their hands up, folks thought it was part of the evening's entertainment. However, they changed their minds when one of the bandits started going through their clothes and taking anything that looked valuable.

The building is now home to the venerable Silver Lake institution El Cid.

The Jail Cafe in 1927.
Los Angeles Public Library photo collection

The Flower Pot

Built in 1930, this charming building in the heart of Hollywood housed a florist shop. According to author and historian Jim Heimann, after the shop closed, a family "having moved to Hollywood during the Depression, found the Hollywood Flower Pot converted to a one-room residence." They “promptly moved in.” However, their stay didn’t last long, and the building was eventually destroyed.

The Flower Pot in 1920.
Los Angeles Public Library photo collection

Sphinx Realty

Harkening back to the prime real estate of the ancient world, as well as the 1920s’ craze for all things “exotic,” this Sphinx shaped realty office once stood opposite Fairfax High School.

Sphinx Realty Company in 1920.
Los Angeles Public Library photo collection

The Darkroom

Located on the slick portion of Wilshire Boulevard known as the Miracle Mile, this Los Angeles Historic-Cultural Monument was designed by Edward J. Borgmeyer and Marcus P. Miller.

Opened in 1926 and re-imagined during the ’30s, its black vitrolite façade, featuring a large Argus camera, advertised that “The Darkroom” was a camera shop. According to the Los Angeles Conservancy, “some claim that during the building's heyday, the tenant would project short films through the camera lens/window for pedestrians to watch.” Today, the site is home to the Spare Tire Kitchen and Tavern

The Darkroom in 1981.
Los Angeles Public Library photo collection

The Brown Derby

This legendary Hollywood hangout is perhaps the most famous example of SoCal programmatic architecture. Built in 1926 in the shape of—what else—a brown derby, this whimsical restaurant was the first of a chain of several owned by Herbert Somborn and Bob Cobb (of Cobb Salad fame). A sign in front of the building beckoned to passing motorists: “Eat in the Hat.” Once inside, patrons of the Brown Derby ate classic “French-inspired” Americanized midcentury food, with a heavy side of entertainment industry drama.

After the chain’s demise, valiant community efforts to save the iconic Wilshire Boulevard location (the only one shaped like a hat) were partially successful. While the brim was removed, the crown of the derby hat can still be seen peeking out on the third floor of the Brown Derby Plaza, a Koreatown shopping center built around it in 1980. The Brown Derby trademark is now owned by the Disney Corporation, and facsimiles of the famed hat are located in several Disney Parks.  

The legendary Brown Derby.
Los Angeles Public Library photo collection

California Piano Supply Company

This piano showroom was built in the early 1930s.  It was later renamed The Big Red Piano. In an attempt to preserve the building, it was moved in the 1960s. Sadly, it was destroyed in the process. 

California Piano Supply Company, built in the 1930s.
Los Angeles Public Library photo collection

The Donut Hole

Built in 1968, this mimetic masterpiece was designed to resemble two large chocolate doughnuts. The fiberglass doughnuts are 26-feet in diameter, and hungry visitors drive through their hollow centers to be served in classic drive-in fashion. Once part of a small chain, the restaurant's famous design is credited to architects John Tindall, Ed McCreany, and Jesse Hood.

Over the years, the lone remaining Donut Hole has become quite the celebrity, appearing in movies such as Dragnet and drawing tourists from all-across the globe. Basic, delicious doughnuts are still the main item on the menu and are less than a dollar a piece. Talk about nostalgia!  

The Donut Hole, still standing and open for business today.
eyetwist via Curbed LA Flickr pool

The Tamale

The Tamale opened in 1928. Shaped in the form of a wrapped Mexican tamal, it served “Spanish delights,” including “hot tamale pies,” along with standard American fare, including hamburgers and malts. It has changed hands (and colors) many times over the decades. It is now painted white and most recently housed a beauty parlor.

The Tamale in East Los Angeles.
Los Angeles Public Library photo collection

The Dugout

One of the strangest examples of mimetic architecture, this long-gone, PTSD-inducing food stand was built in the 1920s. Los Angeles Times columnist Jack Smith remembered it was “fortified with sandbags like a dugout in World War I, and the most dramatic thing about it was that an airplane had crashed, nose in, tail up, on its roof, and was always there.”

The Dugout in 1920.
http://photos.lapl.org/carlweb/jsp/FullRecord?databaseID=968&record=16&controlNumber=46288

The Binoculars Building

Originally known as the Chiat/Day Building, this landmark 100,000 square-foot Venice complex (constructed between 1991 and 2001) was designed by the legendary Frank Gehry. Its iconic binocular sculpture, which is the functional entrance to the parking garage, was designed by Claes Oldenburg and Coosje van Bruggen. The binoculars also contain two small meeting rooms, for which the eye pieces serve as skylights. Since 2011, Google has occupied the complex, which is the hub of its LA-based operations.

A post shared by !TEM !DEM (@item_idem) on

The Ship Cafe

This glamorous, long-vanished Hollywood hotspot was built on the old Venice Pier in 1903. Constructed to look like a sailing ship, its design was based on Spanish galleons piloted by the likes of California explorer Juan Cabrillo. Though it looked seaworthy, it did not actually touch the water.

The Ship was destroyed in the great pier fire of 1920, only to be quickly rebuilt on an even larger scale. According to Los Angeles Times columnist Steve Harvey, “its clientele ranged from celebrities such as Jack Dempsey and Sarah Bernhardt to mobsters such as Albert Marco, who shot two men during a party there and had to take his meals in San Quentin for a while.” It was torn down in 1946, along with the rest of pier.

The Ship Cafe in 1946.
Los Angeles Public Library photo collection

Coffee Pot Cafe/Koffee Pot Cafe/Hot Cha Cafe

This 1932 Long Beach city landmark, originally a coffee shop, was built in the shape of a coffee percolator. It remained a coffee shop until the 1960s. Over the subsequent decades, it has been a weed dispensary, barber shop, and as of 2014, “substandard and a public nuisance.” It was renovated in 2015 and is currently listed by the real estate firm Marcus & Millichap, as part of a multi-use, $2 million offering which includes three residential buildings, and the Coffee Pot building, which is zoned as commercial.

According to its listing: “The current owner has renovated and upgraded the residential buildings as well as the Coffee Pot Cafe's exterior under the watchful supervision of the city of Long Beach and its Cultural Heritage Commission. The owner anticipates leasing the cafe to a permanent operator willing to bring back the cafe's historic significance. The cafe will also enjoy an outdoor patio seating environment surrounding the residential buildings and creating an urban piazza setting.”

The landmark Coffee Pot Cafe, as it appears today.
Via Google Maps